[29], The depiction of the sitter in three-quarter profile is similar to late 15th-century works by Lorenzo di Credi and Agnolo di Domenico del Mazziere. "La Joconde est Retrouvée" ("Mona Lisa is Found"). Duchamp added an inscription, which when read out loud in French sounds like "Elle a chaud au cul" meaning: "she has a hot ass", implying the woman in the painting is in a state of sexual excitement and intended as a Freudian joke. [63], At some point, the Mona Lisa was removed from its original frame. The Mona Lisa is one of the most popular paintings in the world. It is owned by the French government and hangs in the Musee du Louvre in Paris. Leonardo Da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa between 1503 and 1506 AD. He did so with such force that it shattered the glass case and dislodged a speck of pigment near the left elbow. Art World A Hidden Drawing Lies Beneath the ‘Mona Lisa,’ New Ultra-High-Resolution Images Reveal. Walter Pater's famous essay of 1869 described the sitter as "older than the rocks among which she sits; like the vampire, she has been dead many times, and learned the secrets of the grave; and has been a diver in the deep seas, and keeps their fallen day about her. Another possible reason for the commissioning of the portrait was the purchase of a house by Giocondo and his wife in 1503. [76] On 21 August 1911, the painting was stolen from the Louvre. 0. Have you ever seen the Mona Lisa? The title of the painting, though traditionally spelled Mona (as used by Vasari),[12] is also commonly spelled in modern Italian as Monna Lisa (mona being a vulgarity in some Italian dialects), but this is rare in English. It is the earliest example of an Italian portrait that focuses closely on a single sitter in half-length and includes the subject’s arms and hands within the frame. Did you know that “Mona Lisa” is not her real name? [25][26][27] The consensus of art historians in the 21st century maintains the long-held traditional opinion that the painting depicts Lisa del Giocondo. ", "Hidden portrait 'found under Mona Lisa', says French scientist", "Secret Portrait Hidden Under Mona Lisa, Claims French Scientist", "Why Leonardo da Vinci's brilliance endures, 500 years after his death", "Biographical index of collectors of pastels", "Mona Lisa fans decry brief encounter with their idol in Paris", "Leonardo da Vinci's Unexamined Life as a Painter", "Louvre exhibit has most da Vinci paintings ever assembled", "Philadelphia Museum of Art - Collections Object : Tea Time (Woman with a Teaspoon)", "Mona Lisa: Who is Hidden Behind the Woman with the Mustache? French poet Guillaume Apollinaire came under suspicion and was arrested and imprisoned. ", "New proof said found for "original" Mona Lisa –", "Mona Lisa: A Comparative Evaluation of the Different Versions and Their Copies", Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage, "Computer Studies of the Isleworth and Louvre Mona Lisas", Scientific analyses conducted by the Center for Research and Restoration of the Museums of France (C2RMF), Madonna and Child with the Infant Saint John the Baptist, The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne and Saint John the Baptist, Museo Nazionale Scienza e Tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci (Milan), Land grant to Marduk-apla-iddina I by Meli-Shipak II, Statue of the Tiber river with Romulus and Remus, Vulcan Presenting Venus with Arms for Aeneas, The Attributes of Civilian and Military Music, The Attributes of Music, the Arts and the Sciences, The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons, Coresus Sacrificing Himself to Save Callirhoe, Bonaparte Visiting the Plague Victims of Jaffa, Don Pedro of Toledo Kissing Henry IV's Sword, Joan of Arc at the Coronation of Charles VII, Portrait of Madame Marcotte de Sainte-Marie, Francesca da Rimini and Paolo Malatesta Appraised by Dante and Virgil, Madonna and Child with Saint Peter and Saint Sebastian, Venus and the Three Graces Presenting Gifts to a Young Woman, A Young Man Being Introduced to the Seven Liberal Arts, Portrait of Alof de Wignacourt and his Page, The Doge on the Bucintoro near the Riva di Sant'Elena, Holy Family with the Family of St John the Baptist, Saints Bernardino of Siena and Louis of Toulouse, Madonna and Child with St John the Baptist and St Catherine of Alexandria, Madonna and Child with St Rose and St Catherine, Portrait of Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, Portrait of Doña Isabel de Requesens y Enríquez de Cardona-Anglesola, Crucifixion with the Virgin Mary, St John and St Mary Magdalene, The Archangel Raphael Leaving Tobias' Family, Pendant portraits of Marten Soolmans and Oopjen Coppit, Ixion, King of the Lapiths, Deceived by Juno, Who He Wished to Seduce, The Virgin and Child Surrounded by the Holy Innocents, Francis I, Charles V and the Duchess of Étampes, Street Scene near the El Ghouri Mosque in Cairo, Christopher Columbus Before the Council of Salamanca, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mona_Lisa&oldid=1015991629, Paintings of the Louvre by Italian artists, Articles containing Italian-language text, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from July 2019, Articles with dead external links from June 2016, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox artwork with the material parameter, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2016, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Wikipedia articles with Joconde identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 4 April 2021, at 19:47. On 30 December 1956, Bolivian Ugo Ungaza Villegas threw a rock at the Mona Lisa while it was on display at the Louvre. Leonardo da Vinci's "Mona Lisa" is probably the world’s most famous painting. Leonardo da Vinci had moved to France before he died and it was acquired by King Francis I. Background. [135] The Prado's conclusion that the painting is probably by Salaì (1480–1524) or by Melzi (1493–1572) has been called into question by others. The title of the painting, which is known in English as Mona Lisa, comes from a description by Renaissance art historian Giorgio Vasari, who wrote "Leonardo undertook to paint, for Francesco del Giocondo, the portrait of Mona Lisa, his wife. "[111][112] Jean Metzinger's Le goûter (Tea Time) was exhibited at the 1911 Salon d'Automne and was sarcastically described as "la Joconde à la cuiller" (Mona Lisa with a spoon) by art critic Louis Vauxcelles on the front page of Gil Blas. Description. [81] Decker published this account of the theft in 1932.[83]. Despite being one of the most famous paintings in history, very little is known about the actual creation of the painting with certainty. Leonardo, later in his life, is said to have regretted "never having completed a single work". [111] Upon the painting's theft in 1911, Renaissance historian Bernard Berenson admitted that it had "simply become an incubus, and [he] was glad to be rid of her. Peruggia was Italian and believed the painting belonged in Leonard’s home in Italy. During the 20th century it was an object for mass reproduction, merchandising, lampooning and speculation, and was claimed to have been reproduced in "300 paintings and 2,000 advertisements". [10], After the French Revolution, the painting was moved to the Louvre, but spent a brief period in the bedroom of Napoleon (d. 1821) in the Tuileries Palace. Sometime between 1888 and 1905, or perhaps during the picture's theft, the upper brace fell out. Leonardo da Vinci may have painted another 'Mona Lisa.' Dated October 1503, the note was written by Leonardo's contemporary Agostino Vespucci. It is believed that Leonardo kept the painting in his possession for more than a decade, continuing to make slight adjustments to it throughout this time. The “Mona Lisa” was stolen on August 21, 1911, eventually found to have been taken by Vincenzo Peruggia, a Louvre employee. Leonardo da Vinci had moved to France before he died and it was acquired by King Francis I. After some confusion as to whether the painting was being photographed somewhere, the Louvre was closed for a week for investigation. [105], On the 500th anniversary of the master's death, the Louvre held the largest ever single exhibit of Da Vinci works, from 24 October 2019 to 24 February 2020. The Secret of Mona Lisa. [46] Other academics argue that, given the historical documentation, Leonardo would have painted the work from 1513. Unfortunately, we cannot be absolutely certain that this portrait of Lisa del Giocondo is the painting of the Louvre."[15]. [50][51][52][a], Circa 1505,[54] Raphael executed a pen-and-ink sketch, in which the columns flanking the subject are more apparent. Experts universally agree that it is based on Leonardo's portrait. It has long been the best-known source of information on the provenance of the work and identity of the sitter. Leonardo's assistant Salaì, at his death in 1524, owned a portrait which in his personal papers was named la Gioconda, a painting bequeathed to him by Leonardo. ", "Second Mona Lisa Unveiled for First Time in 40 Years", "The Isleworth Mona Lisa: A second Leonardo masterpiece? Few other works of art are as romanticised, celebrated, parodied or reproduced. ", "The 'Prado Mona Lisa' – The Mona Lisa Foundation", "Da Vinci's Mona Lisa Entering the Next Dimension", Tweened animated gif of Mona Lisa and Prado version, "Depth Perception and the History of Three-Dimensional Art: Who Produced the First Stereoscopic Images? Some argued that Lisa del Giocondo was the subject of a different portrait, identifying at least four other paintings as the Mona Lisa referred to by Vasari. In order to identify the people who control the Isleworth Mona Lisa, Protti and his partner, Chris Marinello, of Art Recovery International in London, turned to the infamous Panama Papers, a cache of 11.5 million leaked documents related to offshore financial transactions. [ 1] F France also owns the Louvre. To compensate for fluctuations in relative humidity, the case is supplemented with a bed of silica gel treated to provide 55% relative humidity. [119] The French urban artist known pseudonymously as Invader has created versions of the Mona Lisa on city walls in Paris and Tokyo using a mosaic style. [81] After having kept the Mona Lisa in his apartment for two years, Peruggia grew impatient and was caught when he attempted to sell it to Giovanni Poggi, director of the Uffizi Gallery in Florence. [6] The painting's novel qualities include the subject's enigmatic expression,[7] the monumentality of the composition, the subtle modelling of forms, and the atmospheric illusionism. Many are explicit and humorous images the site is for people over 18. Scholars believe that the painting was commissioned by Francesco del Giocondo, a cloth merchant living in Florence. Raphael's Young Woman with Unicorn, c. 1506, Raphael's Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione (c. 1514–15), Le rire (The Laugh) by Eugène Bataille, or Sapeck (1883), Jean Metzinger, 1911, Le goûter (Tea Time), oil on canvas, 75.9 x 70.2 cm, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Marguerite Agniel "As Mona Lisa" by Robert Henri, c. 1929, Today the Mona Lisa is considered the most famous painting in the world, a destination painting, but until the 20th century it was simply one among many highly regarded artworks. He also found that in one layer the subject was depicted wearing numerous hairpins and a headdress adorned with pearls which was later scrubbed out and overpainted. Salvador Dalí, famous for his surrealist work, painted Self portrait as Mona Lisa in 1954. The humidity is maintained at 50% ±10%, and the temperature is maintained between 18 and 21 °C. The soft blending creates an ambiguous mood "mainly in two features: the corners of the mouth, and the corners of the eyes". ", "In Louvre, New Room With View of 'Mona Lisa, "A Record Picasso and the Hype Price of Status Objects", "Another art anniversary: Mona Lisa comes to New York! Despite the treatments, the Mona Lisa has been well cared for throughout its history, and although the panel's warping caused the curators "some worry",[98] the 2004–05 conservation team was optimistic about the future of the work. The Mona Lisa tells stories that keep people warm in moments of crisis or during national catastrophes. [18][20] In French, the title La Joconde has the same meaning. A scientist has spent 14 years analyzing photographs of … This is known as the “Mona Lisa effect.” For fun, I recently programmed an interactive digital portrait that brings this phenomenon to life through your browser and webcam. Some researchers claim that it was common at this time for genteel women to pluck these hairs, as they were considered unsightly. [33] The enigmatic woman is portrayed seated in what appears to be an open loggia with dark pillar bases on either side. The second, commissioned by Giuliano de' Medici circa 1513, would have been sold by Salaì to Francis I in 1518[d] and is the one in the Louvre today. Bids top $2.5m for Jack Dorsey's first tweet. [63], Because the Mona Lisa's poplar support expands and contracts with changes in humidity, the picture has experienced some warping. + Add a Video. [84] The painting was protected by glass because a few years earlier a man who claimed to be in love with the painting had cut it with a razor blade and tried to steal it. Likewise, is the Mona Lisa a self portrait of Leonardo da Vinci? The Mona Lisa is a half-length portrait painting by Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci. A new study on the Mona Lisa has revealed evidence of a charcoal underdrawing, suggesting for the first time that Leonardo da Vinci used a preparatory sketch to … [63], The first and most extensive recorded cleaning, revarnishing, and touch-up of the Mona Lisa was an 1809 wash and revarnishing undertaken by Jean-Marie Hooghstoel, who was responsible for restoration of paintings for the galleries of the Musée Napoléon. The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci between the year 1503 and 1518 when he was living in Florence. Leonardo has chosen to place the horizon line not at the neck, as he did with Ginevra de' Benci, but on a level with the eyes, thus linking the figure with the landscape and emphasizing the mysterious nature of the painting. Her gaze is fixed on the observer. That likely will never happen, certainly not in the next 50 years or so, probably not in anyone’s lifetime. "Possibly it was another portrait of which no record and no copies exist—Giuliano de' Medici surely had nothing to do with the. It also marked a shift in Leonardo’s work, as it was the first of his portraits to be composed in such a manner. The first of these was the birth of the couple’s second son, Andrea, in 1502 after losing a daughter in 1499. The most famous paintings, especially old master works done … Leonardo da Vinci still owned the painting when he died in 1519. Recent Videos There are no videos currently available. What are NFTs and why are some worth millions? It was created by Leonardo da Vinci at some point in the early 1500s but the identity of the woman in the painting, as well as who commissioned it and how it ended up in France, are all hotly debated subjects. [140], A version of the Mona Lisa known as the Isleworth Mona Lisa was first bought by an English nobleman in 1778 and was rediscovered in 1913 by Hugh Blaker, an art connoisseur. When Meyer herself died in 2008, the "Isleworth Mona Lisa" was acquired by the international consortium that currently owns it -- and the Mona Lisa … Duchamp . The current scholarly consensus on attribution is unclear. [86] On 2 August 2009, a Russian woman, distraught over being denied French citizenship, threw a ceramic teacup purchased at the Louvre; the vessel shattered against the glass enclosure. Jan. 12, 2020 The 1968 Ford Mustang GT driven by Steve McQueen in the legendary chase scene in the movie “Bullitt” sold on Friday for $3.74 million. The frame, an ancient one donated by Countess de Béarn two years prior, had not been … The Mona Lisa (/ˌmoʊnə ˈliːsə/; Italian: Monna Lisa [ˈmɔnna ˈliːza] or La Gioconda [la dʒoˈkonda]; French: La Joconde [la ʒɔkɔ̃d]) is a half-length portrait painting by Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci. [106][107], The Mona Lisa began influencing contemporary Florentine painting even before its completion. Experts agree that the first tweet from the Twitter founder on his own platform is a highly valuable asset. It holds the Guinness World Record for the highest known insurance valuation in history at US$100 million in 1962[11] (equivalent to $660 million in 2019). [113] André Salmon subsequently described the painting as "The Mona Lisa of Cubism". He would have had to cease working on the painting in 1517 at the latest as he lost the use of his right hand, explaining why it was not entirely finished. [citation needed], The Mona Lisa has had many different decorative frames in its history, owing to changes in taste over the centuries. Before that discovery, scholars had developed several alternative views as to the subject of the painting. It was temporarily relocated to the arsenal in Brest during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 to 1871. The sitter is believed to be Giocondo’s wife, Lisa Gherardini, and the painting’s alternate name La Gioconda supports this theory. This note likens Leonardo to renowned Greek painter Apelles, who is mentioned in the text, and states that Leonardo was at that time working on a painting of Lisa del Giocondo. Leonardo, Carmen Bambach, Rachel Stern, and Alison Manges (2003). After the French Revolution deposed the abolition of the traditional monarchy, the “Mona Lisa” was placed in the Louvre in Paris. [85] [34][35] In 2007, French engineer Pascal Cotte announced that his ultra-high resolution scans of the painting provide evidence that Mona Lisa was originally painted with eyelashes and with visible eyebrows, but that these had gradually disappeared over time, perhaps as a result of overcleaning. Recent Images 82 total. 15 in stock. It had been believed to have been painted between 1503 and 1506; however, Leonardo may have continued working on it as late as 1517. [121] In 1985, the spot was again treated with carbon tetrachloride as a preventive measure. [54][57][56][69] The hypothetical first portrait, displaying prominent columns, would have been commissioned by Giocondo circa 1503, and left unfinished in Leonardo's pupil and assistant Salaì's possession until his death in 1524. Read more about the painting’s subject and history. [20], Peruggia was an Italian patriot who believed that Leonardo's painting should have been returned to an Italian museum. Mona Lisa, or La Gioconda, is a 16th-century oil painting on poplar wood by Leonardo da Vinci, and is, perhaps, the most famous painting in Western art history or even the world. In 1906, Louvre restorer Eugène Denizard performed watercolour retouches on areas of the paint layer disturbed by the crack in the panel. Leonardo moved to France in 1516 and likely took the painting with him to continue working on it, which would explain how it came to be in the country. Directed by James Hartley. [55][56][57] Other later copies of the Mona Lisa, such as those in the National Museum of Art, Architecture and Design and The Walters Art Museum, also display large flanking columns. [92][71] The underlying portrait appears to be of a model looking to the side, and lacks flanking columns,[94] but does not fit with historical descriptions of the painting. Zollner gives a date of c. 1504, most others say c. 1506, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (, Costanza d'Avalos, Duchess of Francavilla, National Museum of Art, Architecture and Design, "The Mona Lisa's Twin Painting Discovered", "The Theft That Made Mona Lisa a Masterpiece", "Mona Lisa – Portrait of Lisa Gherardini, wife of Francesco del Giocondo", "Mona Lisa – Heidelberger find clarifies identity", "Highest insurance valuation for a painting", "Mona Lisa – Heidelberg discovery confirms identity", "German experts crack the ID of 'Mona Lisa, "Riddle of Mona Lisa is finally solved: she was the mother of five", "Mona Lisa backdrop depicts Italian town of Bobbio, claims art historian", "Leonardo's Portrait of Mona Lisa del Giocondo", "Solved: Why Mona Lisa doesn't have eyebrows", "Lurking Beneath the 'Mona Lisa' May Be the Real One", "BBC NEWS – Entertainment – Mona Lisa smile secrets revealed", "Researchers identify landscape behind the Mona Lisa", "Da Vinci 'paralysis left Mona Lisa unfinished, "A Portrait of Leonardo da Vinci May Reveal Why He Never Finished the Mona Lisa", "Leonardo da Vinci never finished the Mona Lisa because he injured his arm while fainting, experts say", "Mona Lisa: A comparative evaluation of the different versions and copies", "Leonardo da Vinci's portrait of Mona Lisa de Giocondo", "The Theft That Made The 'Mona Lisa' A Masterpiece", "The French Burglar Who Pulled Off His Generation's Biggest Art Heist", "Top 25 Crimes of the Century: Stealing the Mona Lisa, 1911", "Review: The Lost Mona Lisa: The Extraordinary True Story of the Greatest Art Theft in History by RA Scotti", "100 Years Ago: The Mastermind Behind the Mona Lisa Heist | The Saturday Evening Post", "Russian tourist hurls mug at Mona Lisa in Louvre", "Will new Mona Lisa queuing system in restored Louvre gallery bring a smile back to visitors' faces? [133], In 2014, a France 24 article suggested that the painting could be sold to help ease the national debt, although it was noted that the Mona Lisa and other such art works were prohibited from being sold due to French heritage law, which states that "Collections held in museums that belong to public bodies are considered public property and cannot be otherwise. As a result, it was thought that the Mona Lisa had been trimmed. Read Full Entry. [120] A 2014 New Yorker magazine cartoon parodies the supposed enigma of the Mona Lisa smile in an animation showing progressively more maniacal smiles. [25] Art historian Carmen C. Bambach has concluded that Leonardo probably continued refining the work until 1516 or 1517. [63] In view of this, Vincent Delieuvin, curator of 16th-century Italian painting at the Louvre, states that the sketch and these other copies must have been inspired by another version,[64] while Zöllner states that the sketch may be after another Leonardo portrait of the same subject. [74] Posted by ilhamquddus Apr 12, 2020 Feb 22, 2021 Posted in #english Tags: #description, #devinci, #fratelli, #history, #ilhamquddus, #louvre, #monalisa, #patriotism, #peruggia, #poggi. For example, Leonardo probably painted his model faithfully since her beauty is not seen as being among the best, "even when measured by late quattrocento (15th century) or even twenty-first century standards. One is moved, troubled ... repressed desires, hopes that drive one to despair, stir painfully." [131] Former director Henri Loyrette reckoned that "80 percent of the people only want to see the Mona Lisa. 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